APPLICATION OF GEO-SPATIAL TECHNOLOGY FOR GROUND WATER QUALITY MAPPING OF MAMIT DISTRICT, MIZORAM, INDIA

Abstract

One of the most important natural resources which is extremely crucial for our daily life is water. Surface water and ground water are the two types of sources from which we obtain this essential resource. Inconsistent and unequal availability of surface water leads to exploration of ground water for irrigation, industrial and domestic purposes. Therefore, the quality of ground water is equally important as its quantity. The present study utilizes geo-spatial technology to map the spatial variability of ground water quality. Ground water samples were collected from 83 point sources randomly distributed in Mamit district, Mizoram. The major water quality parameters such namely pH, Electrical Conductivity (EC), Total Dissolved Solids, Total hardness, Iron, Chloride, Nitrate and Fluoride have been estimated for all the sampling locations. The spatial variation maps of these ground water quality parameters were generated and utilize as thematic layers. These thematic layers were given ranks based on their relative importance. Different classes within each thematic layer were assigned weightages in numerical rating from 1 to 3 as attribute values in GIS environment. Summation of these attributes values and the corresponding rank values of the thematic layers were utilize to generate the final ground water quality map. This final map shows the different classes of ground water quality within the district which can be utilize to give a guideline for the suitability of ground water uses.